BPAQ
Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire
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Introduction
BPAQ is a widely used measure of aggression with four factors: Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression, Anger, Hostility. Men typically score higher than women (Archer, 2004).
References
- Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The aggression questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(3), 452-459. 10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.452
- Archer, J. (2004). Sex differences in aggression. Review of General Psychology.
Frequently Asked Questions
Have another question? Let us know.
What is the BPAQ?
The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire is a 29-item self-report measure of trait aggression, published in 1992. It yields four subscales: physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility.
What do the four BPAQ subscales mean?
Physical and verbal aggression reflect readiness to act aggressively; anger captures emotional irritability; hostility covers resentment and suspicion. They correlate but are distinct — someone can score high on anger yet low on physical aggression.
Does a high aggression score mean I am a violent person?
No. The BPAQ measures self-reported dispositional tendencies, not behavior, and certainly not violence. Scores are influenced by mood and recent events, and high scores are common in the general population on some subscales.
Can aggression scores change?
Trait aggression is fairly stable but not fixed — anger and hostility respond to life circumstances, stress, and skills training. If aggression is creating problems for you, evidence-based anger-management approaches exist.
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